申辩 Apology（1/1）

苏格拉底 / Socrates

苏格拉底（公元前470—公元前399），古希腊的哲学家和演说家，雅典人。其父是雕刻匠，早年随父学艺，后从事哲学研究和教学。他认为哲学的目的是认识自己、研究自己、教导人们的生活。他无著作传世，其言行均辑于弟子柏拉图的《苏格拉底言行回忆录》。公元前399年以“渎神违教”之罪被控入狱，不久被判死刑，服毒而死。

Acethe Hole

Uand these new words before you read this article.

1.igration [a??gre???n] n.移动；迁移；移民

2.iortal [i?:tl] adj.不朽的；流芳百世的

3.pilgri [pilɡri] n.香客，朝圣者

4.unspeakable [?nspi:k?b?l] adj.恶劣得难以形容的；说不出口的，不可言状的；令人讨厌的；极坏的

Letreflectanother way, and we shall see that there is great reason to hope that death is a good for one of o thgs — either death is a state of nothgness and utter unnsess, or, as n say, there is a ge and igration of the soul fro this world to another.Now if you suppose that there is no nsess, but a sleep like the sleep of hi who is undisturbed even by dreas, death will be an unspeakable ga.For if a persoo select the nightwhich his sleep was undisturbed even by dreas, ao pare with this the other days and nights of his life, and theo tellhow any days and nights he had passedthe urse of his life better and ore pleasantly than this one, I thk that any an, I will not say a private an, but even the great kg will not fd any such days hts, when pared with the others.Now if death be of such a nature, I say that to die is a ga for eternity is then only a sgle night.But if death is the jouro another pce, and there, as n say, all the dead abide, what good, O y friends and judgesbe greater than this If deed when the pilgri arrivesthe world below, he is delivered fro the professors of jticethis world, and fds the true judges who are said to give judgnt there, Mo and Rhadaanth ariptole, and other sons of God who were righteotheir own life, that pilgriage will be worth akg.What would not a an give if he ight nverse with Orphe and Mae and Hesiod and Hor Nay, if this be true, letdie aga and aga.I yself, too, shall have a wonderful terestthere etg, and nversg with Pades, and Ajax the son Teon, and any other a hero who has suffered death through an unjt judgnt and there will be no sall pleasure, as I thk,parg y own sufferg with theirs.Above all, I shall then be able to ntue y search to the true and false knowledge asthis world, so alsotheand I shall fd out who is wise, and who pretends to be wise, and is not.What would not a an give, O judges, to be able to exae the leader of the great Trojan expedition or Odysse or Sisyph, or nuberless others, n and won too? What fite delight would there benversg with the and askg the questions? In another world they do not put a an to death for askg questions: assuredly not.For besides beg happier than we are, they will be iortal, if what is said is true.

Wherefore, O judges, be good cheer about death, and know of a certaty, that no evilhappen to a good aherlife or after death.He and his are not ed by the gods nor has y oroachg end happened by re ce.But I see clearly that the ti had arrived when it was better forto die and be released fro trouble wherefore the oracle gave no sign.For which reason, also, I a not angry with y ndeners, or with y aers they have doneno har, although they did not an to doany good and for this I ay gently b the.

Still I have a favor to ask of the.When y sons are grown up, I would ask you, O y friends, to punish the and I would have you trouble the, as I have troubled you, if they see to care about riches, or anythg, ore than about virtue; or if they pretend to be sothg when they are really nothg,— then reprove the, as I have reproved you, for not carg about that for which they ought to care and thkg that they are sothg when they are really nothg.And if you do this, both I and y sons will have received jtice at your hands.

The hour of departure has arrived, and we go our ways — I to die, and you to live.Which is better God only knows.