在殉国将士葬礼上的演说辞（1/1）

The Funeral Oration of Pericles

伯里克利 / Pericles

伯里克利（公元前495—公元前429），古雅典最伟大的政治家，贵族出身，却是民主派领袖，实行奴隶主民主政治。当政期间完成了奴隶主民主宪法，发展工商业，奖励文化，大兴土木。从公元前443年到公元前429年，他任将军委员会的首席将军，成为雅典的最高统治者。在他任职期间，雅典文化和国势都发展到巅峰状态。

Practicg for Better Learng

Read the follog article carefully, and ahequestions below.

1.What akes the Athenian happy and satisfied?

2.What does “the double advantage”refer tothe st paragraph?

...

Our nstitution does not py the ws of neighb states; we are rather a pattern to others than iitators ourselves.Its adistration favors the any stead of the few; this is why it is called a deocracy.If we look to the ws, they afford equal jtice to alltheir private differences; if to social standg, advapublic life falls to reputation for capacity, siderations not beg allowed to terfere with rit; na does poverty bar the way; if a an is able to serve the state, he is not hdered by the obscurity of his ndition.The freedo which we enjoyoverends also to our ordary life.There, far fro exercisg a jealo surveilnce over each other, we do not feel called upon to be angry with our neighbor f what he likes, or even to dulgethose jurio looks which ot fail to be offensive, although they flio positive penalty.But all this easeour private retions does not akewless as citizens.Agast this fear is our chief safeguard teachgto obey the agistrates and the ws particurly such as regards the prote of the jured, whether they are actually oatute book, or belong to that de which, although unwritte ot be broken without aowledged disgrace.

Further we provide plenty of ans for the d to refresh itself fro bess.We celebrate gas and sacrifices all year round and the elegance of our private establishnts fors a daily source of pleasure and helps to banish the spleen; while the agnitude of our city draws the produce of the world to our harbor, so that to the Athenian the fruits of other untries are as failiar a xury as those of his own.

If we turn to our ilitary polide fners fro any opportunity of learng or , although the eyes of any eney ay oasionally profit by our liberality; trtg lesssyste and policy than to the native spirit of our tly as we please, a are jt as ready to enunter every legitiate danger.In proof of this it ay be noticed that the Lacedaeonians do not vade our untry alone, but brg with the all their es; while we Athenians advansupported to the territory of a neighbor, and fightg upon a fn soil ually vanquish with ease n who are defendg their hos.Our united force was never yet enuntered by any eney, becae we have at oo attend to our are and to dispatch our citizens by nd upon a hundred different services; so that, wherever they eh so such fra of our strength, a suess agast a detat is ago a victory over the nation, and a defeat to a reverse suffered at the hands of the entire people.A if with habits not of bor but of ease, and urage not of art but of nature we are still willg to enunter danger we have the double advantage of escapg the experience of hardshipsanticipation and of facg thethe hour of need as fearlessly as those who are never free fro the.